hotcell
Sandboxes for AI agents, on your own hardware. A Mac Mini on your desk, a cloud VM, a bare-metal box — as many isolated agent sandboxes as it can hold, and your API keys never enter any of them.
Part of Directionally Local, an open-source stack for running coding agents on your own hardware, alongside Autopilot and Serverless Objects. Product page: directionallylocal.com/hotcell. Start a coding agent on your computer at dl.new.
Benchmarks (full results) — sequential TTI · staggered TTI · burst TTI · warm-pool adopt · sandbox-dax real workload — measured with the ComputeSDK harness, plus dax's OpenCode benchmark on bare metal (raw evidence).
npm i -g hotcell
hotcell # first run: 30-second guided setup — then your live fleet
Docker runtime on a non-default socket (colima, OrbStack, podman)? hotcell reads
DOCKER_HOST, not the docker CLI's context — e.g. for colima:
export DOCKER_HOST=unix://$HOME/.colima/default/docker.sock before hotcell start.
The commands that matter
hotcell keys add openrouter # any provider's key — stays on the host, never in a sandbox
hotcell keys import .env # or bulk-import a .env (OPENAI_API_KEY → openai, …)
hotcell create -n 5 --repo https://github.com/you/app --branch # five isolated cells, each on its own branch
hotcell terminal <id> # shell inside a cell
hotcell run --setup "pip install ruff" "ruff check ." # one-shot: create → run → destroy
hotcell rm --all # everything gone; your repo untouched
Five agents on one repo
hotcell create -n 5 --name feat --branch auto --autopilot \
--repo https://github.com/you/app
Five isolated cells, each with the repo cloned, its own auto-named branch (hotcell/<id>, so pushes never collide), and Autopilot preinstalled and wired to the gateway (--autopilot implies --egress). --name feat labels the cells feat-1…feat-5; pass a branch name (--branch feat) to get feat-1…feat-5 branches instead. Live per-cell progress while they provision — slow setups can't falsely time out. Open a terminal per cell and run Autopilot on a different feature:
hotcell terminal <id> # inside: cd app && autopilot
hotcell rm --all # done — five cells gone, your repo untouched
The real OpenRouter key stays on the host: Autopilot uses a per-sandbox gateway token, while the daemon swaps in the real key and meters usage. --opencode remains available as an alternative; the examples/agents.sh workflow demonstrates keyless GitHub PR creation.
Why hotcell
- Keys stay out. Sandboxes reach LLMs and GitHub through a gateway that swaps a per-sandbox token for the real key — metered, spend-capped, revocable. Optional default-deny egress (kernel-enforced on Linux and microVMs; advisory on macOS Docker).
- As many as the hardware allows. One daemon, live CPU/mem/cost per sandbox, admission control that refuses to over-subscribe instead of OOM-ing the box.
- Containers or microVMs — Docker everywhere, Firecracker (Linux/KVM) and Apple VZ (macOS) for VM-grade isolation, all behind one interface.
What the gateway can and can't protect
hotcell keys import .env asks you to set every variable to gateway (the real key stays on the host; the sandbox gets a per-sandbox token), inject (the real value is copied into every sandbox), or skip. hotcell does not guess which is which — a name cannot tell you whether a value is a secret, and both wrong answers are silent. The confirm step lists every value that will enter a sandbox before anything is stored.
Protected — any API whose credential travels in an HTTP request header. OpenAI, Anthropic, OpenRouter, GitHub, Stripe, Slack, Cloudflare and most REST APIs work identically; there is no LLM-only carve-out. Providers beyond the five built-in routes need their base URL and auth header once, saved to .hotcell/env.json (no secrets — commit it, and a teammate's clone inherits every decision).
Not protected — the real value enters the sandbox if you choose inject:
- Non-HTTP protocols (Postgres, Redis, MongoDB) — the credential rides inside the wire handshake, so there is no header to substitute.
gateway is unreachable for these: the base-URL prompt rejects postgres://.
- Request-signing schemes (AWS SigV4) — the key signs the request locally and is never transmitted, so there is nothing to swap.
- mTLS / client certificates, and OAuth refresh-token exchanges.
Protected, but not drop-in — an SDK that hardcodes its host ignores the injected <PROVIDER>_BASE_URL and calls the provider directly. LLM SDKs read it; many others take a host in code and need one line to pass it through. Under HOTCELL_EGRESS_ENFORCE those direct calls are denied rather than quietly leaving the gateway out of the loop.
Names can shift. A gateway variable reaches the sandbox under its route's name — import GH_TOKEN as the github route and the sandbox sees GITHUB_API_KEY. The review screen shows the route for each row.
Docs: guide · egress & keys · every command & config · Linux self-hosting · benchmarks · Python SDK: pip install hotcell
License
Apache-2.0
